Comparative of the Antihyperglycemic Activity of Sclerocarya Birrea, Khaya Senegalensis, Heliotropium Indicum and Ocimum Gratissimum to Rats Wistar

The barks of thunk of Sclerocarya birrea (ANARCADIACEA) and Khaya senegalensis (ANARCADIACEA) associated with the leaves of Heliotropium indicum (BORRAGINACEA) and Ocimum gratissimum (CESALPINIACEA) usually constitutes a traditional remedy use in Cote d’Ivoire for the treatment of diabetes. This remedy is use according administration a small dose to 35mg/kg. For that reason, each healing plant above was studied to estimate their real effect on the glycaemia of hyperglycemic rats the rats were submitted at oral load of glucose (4g/kg) after received only dose of plant extract. The result showed that, rats whose administrated the aqueous extract of Scleroracaryo birrea, Khaya senegalensis and the aqueous extract of Khaya senegalensis had significant antihypergliycemic effects respectively 30% and 20% (p<0,05 ; n= 8) after 2 hours. These reductions of blood glucose reached 40% and 26% at the 4 hour. The aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum didn’t show a significant effect on the glucose blood of the rats, the decrease was 4,5% (p<0,05; n= 8). Concerning the aqueous extract of Heliotropium indicum, we noticed no antihyperglycemic effect on the blood of the rats tested. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins and tannins to Sclerocarya birrea. Khaya senegalensis contained alkaloids and coumarins and polyphenols to Heliotropium indicum. The aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum contained flavonoid and tannins. Conclusion: The antihyperglycemic effect of the traditional preparation could be due of antidiabetic activities of Sclerocarya birrea and Khaya senegalensis. However, the aqueous of Heliotroppium indicum and Ocimum gratissimum hadn’t antidiabetic effect so, its can be considered as additives in this traditional preparation. Others detailed investigations are in progress to isolate active ingredient and to determine their mechanism.