Effect of soil tillage system on soil properties and yield in some arable crops

The paper presents the influence of the conventional ploughing tillage technology in comparison with the minimum tillage, upon the soil properties, weed control and yield in the case of maize (Zea mays L.), soya-bean (Glycine hispida L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a three years crop rotation. The use of minimum soil tillage systems within a three years rotation: maize, soya-bean, wheat favorites the rise of the aggregates hydro stability with 5.6-7.5% on a 0-20 cm depth and 5-11% on 20-30 cm depth. The soil tillage system influences the productivity elements of cultivated species and finally the yields thus obtained. Thus, related to conventional working system, the yields in minimum tillage working represented 89-97% in maize, 103-112% in soya-bean and 93-99% in winter-wheat. The results of investigations showed that the yield is a cobined effect of soil tillage systems influence on soil properties, plant density assurance and on weed control. Under minimum tillage systems in the case of winter wheat as an option for replacing classic ploughing, the best results in terms of quality indices were obtained from version worked with paraplow, followed by rotary harrow and chisel. At variants worked with paraplow were obtained quality indices close to those of the variant worked with plow, and protein and gluten content was even higher. At Ariesan variety, highest protein content, 12.50% and gluten, 28.6% was obtained with paraplow treatment. .