Phytochemical profile and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of hydroethanolic extracts of Ficus pumila

Natural products, mainly of plant origin are widely used in popular medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential by examining the hydroethanolic extracts of fresh and dried leaf, stem, root and fruit of Ficus pumila concerning their phytochemistry profile and antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The results show the presence of tannins and flavonoids in all extracts. The dried root extract exhibited the highest content of phenolic compounds (724.39 mg GA/g) and the dried leaf showed the highest content of flavonoids (15.30 mg quercetin/g). The extracts showed activity against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis. None of the extracts showed anti mycobacterial or antifungal activity. The highest antioxidant activity by scavenging of free radical DPPH was exhibited by the extract of fresh stem (EC50 = 12.81 μg/mL) and only the fresh leaf extract showed cytotoxicity with CC50 at 5 mg/mL. Key words: Ficus pumila, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, phenolics, flavonoids, cytotoxicity.