The role of astaxanthin in shrimp pigmentation

Carotenoids are exogenously derived isoprenoid compounds which are responsible for pigmentation in crustaceans. While implants and bacteria are able to synthesize these carotenoids de novo, shrimps like other animals entirely depend on their dietary supply. The major carotenoid found in most crustacean tissues and responsible, e.g. for the typical colour of penaeids is astaxanthin. With increasing industrialization in shrimp farming there is a growing demand for synthetic, nature-identical carotenoids, not only for pigmentation, but also for the maintenance of growth and fertility.