FRIEDMAN'S METHODOLOGY OF POSITIVE ECONOMICS: A SOFT READING

In his “Methodology of Positive Economics” Friedman aimed to provide a useful heuristic for working economists and not a sophisticated philosophical analysis. Hence, one should be cautious about reading specific philosophical positions, such as instrumentalism, into it. In the context of its time, it was a plea for a positivistic interplay of theory and observation. On such a reading Friedman's plea for unrealistic assumptions becomes much more defensible, and Friedman's essay is broadly consistent with the methodology that most economists now affirm, at least in principle.