Occurrence ofPenicillium digitatumandP. italicumResistant to Benomyl, Thiabendazole, and Imazalil on Citrus Fruit from Different Geographic Origins

In 1 yr, 1,287 isolates of Penicillium digiratum and P. italicum were collected from decayed mandarins (Citrus reticulata), oranges (C. sinensis), lemons (C. limon), and grapefruit (C. paradisi) at the wholesale markets in Rotterdam and Paris. The isolates were cultured on media with various fungicides and concentrations. Thirty-seven percent of the P. digitatum isolates grew at 4 and 10 mg/L of thiabendazole (TBZ), 35 and 34% grew at 4 and 10 mg/L of benomyl (BEN), respectively, and 17 and 12% grew at 0.2 and 0.5 mg/L of imazalil (IM), respectively