The IC‐dVAL approach

Over the last five years several frameworks have been suggested for the development of corporate' competitive advantage, on the basis of their intangible resources. These frameworks are mainly managerially oriented; they require the design of a set of metrics dealing with organisational inputs. Hence the importance of making the link between internal and external perspectives, especially those related to financial performance. Making such a link is the main aim of the intellectual capital dynamic value (IC‐dVAL®) approach, which integrates four dimensions for measurement – inputs, processes, assets, and outputs – and definesad hocmetrics for measuring intellectual capital in a dynamic way. This approach is now used at the corporate level in several contexts. It is also under consideration for implementation at the mesoeconomic and even the macroeconomic levels. The paper also presents how such an approach can be used at the country level, especially in Europe.