A multiconfiguration method for excited states of atoms and molecules
Friedrich Grein, Aishwaryadev Banerjee
Abstract
Friedrich Grein, Aishwaryadev Banerjee
Abstract
A new method is presented by which the orthonormal orbital set of a multiconfiguration wave function can be optimized for an excited state of a given symmetry and spin, such that the calculated excited state energy remains an upper bound to the corresponding exact energy. The common difficulties of root flipping and poor convergence are avoided by isolating the desired root by a root-shifting mechanism. Model calculations on the lower 2S states of Li and the 1S states of Be demonstrate the capability and stability of this method.
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A new method is presented by which the orthonormal orbital set of a multiconfiguration wave function can be optimized for an excited state of a given symmetry and spin, such that the calculated excited state energy remains an upper bound to the corresponding exact energy. The common difficulties of root flipping and poor convergence are avoided by isolating the desired root by a root-shifting mechanism. Model calculations on the lower 2S states of Li and the 1S states of Be demonstrate the capability and stability of this method.
Key concepts: Excited state, Wave function, Bound state, Atomic physics, Orthonormal basis, Symmetry (geometry), Molecule, Stability (learning theory)