Optimization of the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Tilapia Frames

Tilapia frames were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using Flavouzryme and Papain with a ratio of 2:1. The relationship of temperature (40 to 60°C), enzyme: substrate ratio (0.5% to 4.5%), initial pH (6.0 to 8.0) and hydrolysis time (1h to 9h) to the degree of hydrolysis were determined. The enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized for maximum degree of hydrolysis using surface response methodology. The optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of tilapia frames were temperature 53°C, enzyme : substrate ratio of 3.5%, initial pH 7.2, and reaction time 7h. Under these conditions a degree of hydrolysis of 40.01% were obtained. The yield of free amino acids in the hydrolysate was 46.61mg/g tilapia frames. The flavor amino acids and essential amino acids occupied up to 31.8% and 49.0% of the total free amino acids respectively. The hydrolysate of waste tilapia frames showed good potential for applications such as protein supplementation in food system.