Comparison of Drugs and Intravenous Crystalloid in Reduction of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Laparoscopic Surgery

BACKGROUND: nausea and vomiting are frequent after general anesthesia,the most important causes of morbidity after anesthesia and surgery are postoperative nausea and vomiting. METHODS:A comparatives analysis of published articles was done to determine the relative efficacy and safety of ondansetron, droperidol,,metoclopramide, dexamethasone,and Intravenous crystalloid fluid For the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. I performed a literature search of English references using both the MEDLINE database and a manual search. Double-blinded, randomized, controlled trials comparing the effect of these agents in redaction or prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. RESULTS: A total of 60studies were identified, of which 6were excluded for methodological concerns. For each comparison of drugs, Ondansetron ( P < 0.001),droperidol ( P < 0.001) were more effective than metoclopramide in preventing vomiting. We conclude that ondansetron and droperidol are more effective than metoclopramide in reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting. the incidence of vomiting was reduced in the I.V administration of crystalloid 30mg/kg in healthy adults ( P=0.001)and for dexamethsone is ( P < 0.03.). Conclusion. In summary, both ondansetron and droperidol were more effective than metoclopramide, I.V crystalloid fluid and dexamethoson in preventing postoperative vomiting.