Localization of Sensor Nodes in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are networks of distributed autonomous devices and use large number of sensor nodes that contains a processor, memory, wireless communication capabilities, sensing capabilities and a power source (battery) on-board to form a network. Developers of WSNs face challenges that arise from communication link failures, memory and computational constraints, and limited energy. Localization of sensor nodes in wireless sensor network plays an important role in many applications. It is important to monitor the location of the data source and event occurrences to track the target and phenomena. Localization in wireless sensor networks means estimating the position or spatial coordinates of wireless sensor nodes. This paper mainly focuses on the localization of sensor nodes using centralized and distributed localization techniques.