1982•Lincoln (University of Nebraska)Requires access
GENOTYPE X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS AND YIELD STABILITY IN RELATION TO MATURITY IN GRAIN SORGHUM (SORGHUM BICOLOR (L.) MOENCH)
Mohammad Saeed
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Abstract
A study was conducted to characterize the nature of genotype x environment (GE) interaction for grain yield and yield components, and to evaluate yield stability in relation to maturity of 54 grain sorghum genotypes in 48 environments across Nebraska and Kansas. Sorghum genotypes with a wide range of maturity showed higher GE interaction for yield than the genotypes with a narrow range of maturity. Minimizing maturity differences among genotypes could be an effective means of reducing GE interaction. Differential yield response of genotypes to different environments increased with an increase in duration of growth. To attain a desired level of precision in evaluating a genotype yield performance, the amount of testing required for a set of genotypes with a wide range of maturity is greater than that required for a set of genotypes with a narrow range of maturity. When genotypes under test included a wide range of maturity, differences in yield stability among genotypes appeared to be a function of relative maturity. Analysis of a set of genotypes with minimal maturity differences provided a better evaluation for yield stability. Early and medium maturing genotypes were more yield stable than late maturing genotypes. High yielding genotypes of medium maturity tended to be more responsive to favorable environmental conditions. Stability for seed number component of grain yield is more important than for seed weight in contributing to yield stability of genotypes at all maturity levels. Variations in temperature and rain accounted for more than half of the GE interaction for yield and yield components. However, the extent to which these variables contributed to GE interaction varied from one period of the crop season to another. Effects of temperature and rain during the period from panicle initiation to physiological maturity, were more important. Generally, minimum temperature was more associated with GE interaction for yield than maximum temperature, especially for the early and the late maturing genotypes.