2005•South African Journal of BotanyOpen access

Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals: a technology for rehabilitation of the environment

M.S. Liphadzi, M.B. Kirkham, C.F. Musil

Abstract

This paper reviews the chemical behaviour of heavy metals in soil, the effect of heavy metals on plants and humans, and describes phytoremediation, which is the use of green plants to remove soil contaminants. The physiological processes that support bio-accumulation of heavy metals by plants are also described.

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Key concepts: Phytoremediation, Heavy metals, Phytoextraction process, Environmental science, Contamination, Soil contamination, Environmental chemistry, Environmental engineering