Pedestrian Delay Models at Signalized Intersections Considering Signal Phasing and Pedestrian Treatment Alternatives

The paper documents various pedestrian delay measures to enhance the existing HCM pedestrian delay model. In particular, the models take into account the effect of signal phasing and pedestrian treatment alternatives under various geometric and signal control scenarios. A primary objective of multi-model transportation systems is to minimize delays for all roadway users, including motor vehicles, bicyclists, and pedestrians. While analytical procedures are available in the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) for analyzing pedestrian delays and levels of service, the pedestrian delay model for signalized intersections has several limitations. The paper introduces a set of models for calculating pedestrian delays at signalized intersections. The models take into consideration various signal phasing and pedestrian treatment scenarios, especially under a two-stage crossing situation. A case study was conducted to demonstrate the applications of the models and the effects of different pedestrian treatments at signalized intersections. The analysis showed that specially designed signal phasing and pedestrian treatments are able to reduce the delays for both pedestrians and vehicles. The proposed two-stage crossing phasing design not only shortens the crossing distance and time for the related vehicle phases, but also significantly reduces pedestrian delays by using innovative overlap phases.