TOLL SYSTEMS, TECHNICAL FACTORS OF THE OPERATION OF TOLL MOTORWAYS

TOLL PAYMENT SYSTEMS REQUIRE PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION WHICH MARDEDLY CONDITION THE OPERATION OF THE SYSTEMS. THEIR SELECTION IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THE COST EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CONCESSION FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE CONCESSIONARY COMPANY AND THAT OF THE SOCIAL ASPECTS OF THE SERVICE GIVEN TO THE COMMUNITY BY THE MOTORWAY. DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF THE FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE THE SELECTION OF THE TOLL SYSTEM, ITS SATISFACTORY OPERATION AND ITS COST EFFECTIVENESS. MENTION IS MADE OF THE METHODS USED ON TOLL MOTORWAYS IN SPAIN, AND THEIR ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ARE DISCUSSED. THE SELECTION OF A TOLL SYSTEM IS DETERMINED BY THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MOTORWAY, TRAFFIC CHARACTERISTICS, AND THE SOCIOECONOMIC AND URBAN ENVIRONMENT. THE COST OF COLLECTING TOLL PAYMENT AND THAT OF THE WAITING TIME TO PAY IS CALCULATED FOR THE CONCESSIONARY COMPANY AND THE TOLL USER RESPECTIVELY. MENTION IS MADE OF THE CONTROL SYSTEMS OF TOLL STATIONS. FOR THE COVERING ABSTRACT SEE IRRD ABSTRACT NO 108569.