IMPACT OF ROAD TRAFFIC ON ENVIRONMENT IN SELECTED CITIES

This paper analyses urban road transport in selected Indian cities. Although most urban residents are dependent upon either public transport or non-motorised modes of transport, motor vehicle registration is increasing rapidly. Two-wheel motorised transport is especially popular. Demand for public transport outstrip supply. Statistics are provided on the composition of traffic flows in nine cities for a one year period. The year varies from city to city, with the earliest being 1979 and the latest 1989. Statistics are also provided of accident and fatality rates, and upon the modal split for trips in 15 different cities. Transport modes selected are: (a) public transport; (b) cost; (c) motorcycles and scooters; (d) auto Rickshaws and taxis; and (e) slow modes such as bicycles. The impact of road traffic is also discussed. The emission levels of different types of vehicles are compared, and some figures are given for air pollution in Delhi. The average noise levels of different types of vehicle are also provided. The effects of both these types of pollution, and of visual and physical intrusion, are discussed. Some solutions are listed.