David R. Burns
Abstract
In this first of three installments, the purposes of ballast are discussed; the causes and effects of fouled ballast are described; and the benefits of clean ballast are examined. A method for calculating on-ground ballast costs is included.
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In this first of three installments, the purposes of ballast are discussed; the causes and effects of fouled ballast are described; and the benefits of clean ballast are examined. A method for calculating on-ground ballast costs is included.
Key concepts: Ballast, Engineering, Marine engineering, Track (disk drive), Forensic engineering, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering