Reverse osmosis : membrane technology, water chemistry & industrial applications

Reverse osmosis membranes - state of the art. Future trends in reverse osmosis membrane research and technology. The economics of desalination processes. Systems design considerations. The importance of water analysis for reverse osmosis design and operation. Mechanistic aspects of reverse osmosis. Membrane biofouling and prevention. Considerations in membrane cleaning. Analytical techniques for identifying reverse osmosis foulants. RO application in brackish water desalination and in the treatment of industrial effluents. Application of reverse osmosis technology in the food industry. High purity water production using reverse osmosis technology. An overview of US military applications of reverse osmosis. Concentrate disposal and post-treatment of RO produced water.