METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING URBAN TRANSPORTATION ENERGY-ENVIRONMENT STRATEGIES: CASE STUDY FOR BANGKOK

Finding and sustaining an acceptable level of environmental quality in the world's largest cities requires the adoption of major policies to address transportation investments and transportation demand management, including consideration of energy use and pollutant emissions. A methodology for evaluating urban transportation energy-environment strategies is presented. The methodology is designed to address urban development patterns, transportation system structure and modal mix, and vehicle emission and energy use characteristics. Bangkok, Thailand, is experiencing a rapid degradation of its environment and is used as a case study to demonstrate the application of the methodology. The case study develops a series of policy options to address the growing environmental problems. These policy options for responding to urban energy use and air quality degradation are compared and briefly evaluated.