On the Evolution of Cooperative Behavior in Prisoner's Dilemma

Cooperation is always vulnerable to exploitation by defectors in the prisoner's dilemma game unless a mechanism for the evolution of cooperation is at work. Hence, the evolution of cooperation requires specific mechanisms, which allow natural selection to favor cooperation over defection. There are some mechanisms like kin selection, group selection, direct and indirect reciprocity can evolve the cooperation when it works alone. Here we combine two and three mechanisms together in one population. The transformed matrices for each combination are determined. We show that, when two or three mechanisms works together, a strong cooperation can evolve between players more than when each mechanism works alone. Some properties of cooperation like risk-dominant (RD) and advantageous (AD) are studied. The property of evolutionary stable (ESS) for strategies which used in this paper is discussed.