The Value of Humanity

In this book Nandi Theunissen develops a non-Kantian account of the value of humanity. Against the Kantian tradition, in which humanity is absolutely valuable and unlike the value of anything else, Theunissen develops a relational proposal according to which the value of human beings is continuous with the value of other valuable things. The book takes the Socratic starting point that good is affecting, or in other words, that good is a notion of benefit. If people are bearers of value, the proposal is that our value is no exception. Theunissen explores the possibility that our value is explained through reciprocal relations, or relations of interdependence, as when—as daughters, or teachers, or friends—we benefit others by being part or constitutive of relationships with them. She also investigates the possibility that we can be said to stand in a valuable relationship with ourselves. Ultimately she proposes that people are of value because we are constituted in such a way that we can be good for ourselves in the sense that we are able to lead flourishing lives. Intuitively, a person matters because she matters to herself in a very particular sort of way. To appropriate a phrase, she is a being for whom her life can be an issue.