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2024•Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesOpen access

The perivascular space is a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid flow in humans: A proof-of-principle report

Erin A. Yamamoto, Jacob H. Bagley, Mathew N. Geltzeiler, Olabisi R. Sanusi, Aclan Dog⫧an, Jesse J. Liu, Juan A. Piantino

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Abstract

The glymphatic pathway was defined in rodents as a network of perivascular spaces (PVSs) that facilitates organized distribution of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the brain parenchyma. To date, perivascular CSF and cerebral interstitial fluid exchange has not been shown in humans. Using intrathecal gadolinium contrast-enhanced MRI, we show that contrast-enhanced CSF moves through the PVS into the parenchyma, supporting the existence of a glymphatic pathway in humans.

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What this paper is about

The glymphatic pathway was defined in rodents as a network of perivascular spaces (PVSs) that facilitates organized distribution of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the brain parenchyma. To date, perivascular CSF and cerebral interstitial fluid exchange has not been shown in humans. Using intrathecal gadolinium contrast-enhanced MRI, we show that contrast-enhanced CSF moves through the PVS into the parenchyma, supporting the existence of a glymphatic pathway in humans.

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Available abstract

The glymphatic pathway was defined in rodents as a network of perivascular spaces (PVSs) that facilitates organized distribution of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the brain parenchyma. To date, perivascular CSF and cerebral interstitial fluid exchange has not been shown in humans. Using intrathecal gadolinium contrast-enhanced MRI, we show that contrast-enhanced CSF moves through the PVS into the parenchyma, supporting the existence of a glymphatic pathway in humans.

Key concepts: Glymphatic system, Perivascular space, Cerebrospinal fluid, Parenchyma, Interstitial fluid, Pathology, Interstitial space, Medicine

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