Congestion Avoidance Geographic Routing in a Large-Scale Multiple Shell Low Earth Orbit Satellite Constellation

With the research and prospects of 6G technology, large-scale low-earth orbit satellite networks will play a crucial role in future communication frameworks. In this study, we proposed the congestion avoidance geographic routing algorithm, utilizing an online algorithm to dynamically adapt to changes in network topology and solve the network congestion problem. The algorithm not only determines the forwarding satellites based on the distribution of neighboring satellites but also employs traffic thresholds to avoid heavily loaded satellites. Simulation results indicate that our algorithm effectively avoids congestion and achieves load balancing throughout the network. Compared to traditional geographic routing, our method achieves lower end-to-end delay.