Effect of laser detuning and Rabi frequency on rubidium Rydberg electromagnetically-induced transparency for atom-based electric field sensing

Abstract Atom-based electromagnetic field sensing is a highly precise and sensitive technique for measuring and detecting electromagnetic fields, based on the principles of the Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). In this study, we simulate an atom-based electric field measurement system using a four-level system of rubidium atoms. We solve the steady-state solution of the Lindblad master equation using a Hamiltonian that contains information about rubidium properties and the external electric field. We observe that the splitting of the EIT signal is directly proportional to the intensity of the applied electric field, making it a highly sensitive method for electromagnetic field sensing. In addition, we investigate the effect of laser detuning and Rabi frequency on the linewidth and signal strength of the EIT signal in order to obtain optimal parameters for future experiments. This study provides insights into optimizing the EIT signal for electromagnetic fields detection, with potential benefits for future developments in this field.