Overview of Newborn Screening of Lysosomal Storage Diseases for Pediatric Care Providers

Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) are caused by enzymatic failure to degrade specific cellular byproducts of metabolism within the lysosome. They have a wide range of presentations involving multiple body systems and can manifest from infancy through adulthood. As treatments have become available for many of these disorders, newborn screening has been adapted for early identification and pre-symptomatic treatment. This article will review some of the LSD that are now being added to newborn screening panels, including globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe), Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I (Hurler; MPSI), Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II (Hunter; MPSII), Acid Sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD), and Pompe disease.