Prevention of HIV

Abstract PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is the prevention of choice for people at “substantial risk” of HIV infection. This trial not only randomized serodiscordant heterosexual couples to pre-exposure prophylaxis, but also gave all participants HIV-1 testing with counseling, risk-reduction counseling, screening and treatment for sexually transmitted infections, free condoms, and referral for male circumcision and post-exposure prophylaxis according to national policies. This trial found an overall relative reduction in HIV acquisition of 67% with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) alone and 75% with tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) compared with placebo. This shows that pre-exposure prophylaxis is an effective way to prevent HIV transmission among heterosexual partners.