Bioremediation of Pesticides

Increasing population has raised the demand for food grains, which compels the producers for the heavy use of pesticides to meet the demand for sufficient production of food grains. Heavy utilization of pesticides polluted soil, water, plant, animal, food grains, etc. Additionally, that much utilization of pesticides has also created several legal and illegal contaminated sites across the world, which are continuously polluting the environment. There are several methods available for pesticide treatment, but the bioremediation method has been more promising than the others. Bioremediation of pesticides is carried out through either ex situ or in situ methods using different organisms like bacteria, fungi and higher plants. The pesticides degradation using bacteria, fungi and higher plants is called bacterial degradation, mycodegradation and phytodegradation, respectively. Present review discusses different methods, mechanisms and recent tools used for the bioremediation of pesticides.