Sustainable Drainage System: Low Impact Development Practices to Minimize the Storm Water Runoff

Low Impact Development (LID) is a green infrastructure approach to ease the surface runoff that arises due to climate change and from an increasing impervious surface area caused by urbanization. This study aims to determine which LID control is best suited for Barangay San Rafael, San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan. Using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), a hydraulic model of the area was created to apply the LIDs and simulate a runoff. The data used in SWMM for the runoff simulation is the monthly rainfall values for year 2020. Based on the simulation using SWMM, the existing drainage system has a high total flood volume with total flood volume of 243.511 liters. Based on the data collected from SWMM, the most effective combination with total flood volume of 50.884 liters was the combination of all the LID practices. The study has used three (3) different LID practices and the combinations of the LID practices to obtain the ideal LID combination namely, Bioretention Cell, Bioswale, Bioswale and Permeable Pavement. In the final analysis, the combination of Permeable Pavement, Bioretention Cell, and Bioswale is the best combination out of the three LID controls mentioned. Bioretention Cells are primarily used in parking lot islands, traffic islands, and driveway runoff. The same is true for Permeable Pavement, which is used mainly on roadways and parking lot islands. Considering the total flood volume that the SWMM calculated, the combination of the three LID parameters alone has the lowest total flood volume.