Chemical Neurotransmission and Neuropsychopharmacology

Abstract This chapter presents an overview of chemical neurotransmission at the synapse, the major neurotransmitters, mechanisms of drug action, and neuropsychopharmacology. Abnormalities in the function of neurotransmitter systems contribute to a wide range of brain disorders, and many neuropharmacological agents work by altering neurotransmitter release, neurotransmitter receptor binding, and/or neurotransmitter removal from the synapse. A basic knowledge of the neurotransmission processes therefore serves as a foundation for understanding the mechanisms of many neurological and psychiatric disorders, as well as the mechanisms of pharmacological intervention. Common psychotropic drug classifications discussed in the chapter include the antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics, antimanics, psychostimulants, and sedative-hypnotics.