THE STAGE OF EMBRYOGENESIS IN PLANTA AFFECTS THE REALIZATION OF THE MORPHOGENETIC POTENTIAL OF WHEAT EMBRYOS IN VITRO

Biotechnological elaborations for breeding purposes aimed at creating highly productive wheat varieties require a significant number of plants-full-fledged regenerants. Such regenerants can be obtained under embryo culture in vitro conditions when using embryos at different ages as explants, according to the indirect pathway for the scheme “one embryo → one callus → several regenerants” and the direct pathway for the scheme “one embryo → one regenerant”. As a result of the performed experiments, it was found that the pathway of obtaining regenerants is determined by the stage of embryogenesis in planta of the embryo inoculated on the nutrient medium: the stage of completion of organogenesis and the stage of the formed embryo, respectively. In addition, data on the results of culture in vitro of embryos inoculated at other stages of embryogenesis are presented: four-cell and multicellular embryos, the early organogenesis, the middle organogenesis, the mature embryo.