Effect of Malathion Insecticide on Liver Tissue and Enzymes of Rutilus Rutilus Caspicus of the Caspian Sea

Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide which uses to destroy insects and pests of fruit trees, \nornamental plants and agricultural corps.In the present study, effect of Malathion on liver and \nselected enzymes (SGOT, SGPT and ALP) was studied in Caspian Roach (Rutilusrutiluscaspicus). \nFour treatments with three replications were designed to carry out the survey. Four groups of \nexperimental fish (containing 30 fish in each group) were exposed to different concentrations of \nMalathion. e. 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 ppm respectively for 23 days. Blood collection was done in 3rd \n, \n13th and 23th after exposure to Malathion and also 30 days after recovery in clean water and \nenzymes were measured using standard kits. Also liver tissues were isolated to histological \nexamination. Results showed that tissues of control group (0ppm) were normal and there were no \ndamages, yet there were hepatocytes degeneration, picnotic in nuclear, hepatocytes vacuolization, \nvascular congestion and sinusoid congestion in liver of other groups. Tissue damages were \nincreased in higher malathion concentration and over time. Results related to enzymes showed that \nthere were no significant differences in SGOT of fish treated with low concentrations of malathion \n(0.01 and 0.05 ppm) and control group but it was increased in highest concentration (p<0.05). Yet, \nSGPT increased significantly after passing 23 days in all fish exposed to malathion But ALP \nchanges trend was decreasing.