On the question of the sources of loose material, the causes and places of origin of catastrophic mudflows in the area of the Munku-Sardyk mountain range

The article discusses the results of the summer expedition of 2022 to study high-altitude permafrost-stone lithopotoks and solifluction processes. The materials of the article logically develop ideas about the lithocourses of the region not only of the cryogenic period of their existence, but at the subsequent erosion-proluvial stages of the regular completion, as a result of this, a vertical-age ladder of the main forms of relief of the Munku-Sardyk mountain range was obtained, the places of their localization, the mechanism of occurrence, functioning and further evolution were determined.