Review on Productivity Enhancement of Passive Solar Stills

The price of one liter of potable water generated from the desalination system is justified when it is coupled with renewable energy and proper brine disposal practices. Contemplating the abundance of solar energy across the globe, desalination through solar energy is preferred for desalinating the available saline/brackish water. Solar desalination systems are more advantageous than other desalination processes where the desalination system can be installed at a required place to decrease the cost of potable water transportation. Among the various solar energy-driven desalination processes, the solar still is flexible for installation at any place and is also affordable for desalinating the available seawater/brackish water. However, the freshwater yield of solar stills is comparatively low and many approaches are under research to substantiate the productivity of solar stills. In this chapter, the various procedures of improving the yield of solar stills are elaborately discussed with their respective enhancements in the efficiencies. Also, the authors conferred some recommendations for future research on solar stills. This chapter paves the path for the researchers working in solar still to choose an appropriate method for enhancement of the productivity that makes the desalination process more viable and sustainable than the conventional solar stills.