The Efficiency of Some Honeybee Products Exposed to Treatments in Controlling the American Foulbrood, Paenibacillus larva

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of some honey bee products treated with compounds, including organic acids, antibiotics, and extract oils, as antibacterial agents for controlling the American foulbrood disease (AFB). The effectiveness of aqueous and ethanolic pollen extract, honey, and royal jelly at 5%, 10%, and 15% concentrations in controlling AFB was assessed in combination with formic acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, tylosin, and carnation treatments. The treatment with formic acid positively impacted the antibacterial activity of the aqueous pollen extract (APE) and honey (8.22, 10.71) respectively. However, it decreased the activity of the ethanolic pollen extract (EPE) and exhibited an insignificant effect on royal jelly (8.21). The carnation oil only enhanced the activity of ethanolic pollen extract (7.10). The Oxalic acid, lactic acid, and tylosin either decreased the activity of the tested products or had an insignificant impact. We conclude that although antibiotics, extract oils, and organic acids are valuable in controlling pathogenic microorganisms, there are still concerns regarding their residual effects on honeybee products. Thus, further studies are required to find reliable control alternatives with insignificant residual effects either through screening other existing substances or developing new ones.