The Role of CYP 450 Isozymes in Drug-Drug Interaction

The main focus of the pharmacokinetic process is hepatic metabolism, which is responsible for biotransformation and elimination of xenobiotics such as drugs. This step depends primarily on the CYP450 system, which plays a role in drug metabolism and changes their therapeutic responses. CYP450 enzyme system includes many notable points such as major families, their functions and also the factors that can alter their activity and cause significant interaction. According to previous studies, the most important factor affecting this enzyme system is the medications that can enhance or inhibit its activity. The aim of this article is to discuss the detailed mechanism of the interaction between CYP450 enzyme and other drugs. This mechanism is very important when prescribing various medications to avoid the problem of drug-drug interaction. We must remember that many drugs undergo metabolism through more than just isozyme interactions or may pass through dual metabolism pathways. Examples of such drugs are anticonvulsants, antidepressant, anti-infectives, immunosuppressant, and cardiovascular drugs.