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Theory From The Big Bang to Big Crunch and Eternal Vacuum Space

Amrit Ladhani

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Abstract

Contemporary theories of Universe, such as the Friedmann-Lemaître Robertson - Walker (FLRW) model of the cosmos, assume that space and time marches on at a uniform, constant pace from its beginning. But what if that is not the case? It is proposed that the big bang was not the first beginning of the Universe, but rather the Big Bang may have been just a particular moment in the evolution of this always-existing universe, not a true beginning. Universe started from the shortest meaningful length, Planck Length, and the shortest meaningful measure of time, Planck Time. The observed accelerated expansion, which relates the change in the space, to change in the stretching of shrink space for the new theory, is derived. As pressure of shrink space decreases, the expansion of space increases, that is although in general, decelerate in the pressure of shrink space leads to accelerate the stretching of space. (pressure of shrink space approaching zero at the end of accelerated expansion, or all the shrinked space stretches), no need however, for dark energy. The new definition of eternal space enables us to describe a sequence of events from the Big Bang to the Big Crunch.

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Contemporary theories of Universe, such as the Friedmann-Lemaître Robertson - Walker (FLRW) model of the cosmos, assume that space and time marches on at a uniform, constant pace from its beginning. But what if that is not the case? It is proposed that the big bang was not the first beginning of the Universe, but rather the Big Bang may have been just a particular moment in the evolution of this always-existing universe, not a true beginning. Universe started from the shortest meaningful length, Planck Length, and the shortest meaningful measure of time, Planck Time. The observed accelerated expansion, which relates the change in the space, to change in the stretching of shrink space for the new theory, is derived. As pressure of shrink space decreases, the expansion of space increases, that is although in general, decelerate in the pressure of shrink space leads to accelerate the stretching of space. (pressure of shrink space approaching zero at the end of accelerated expansion, or all the shrinked space stretches), no need however, for dark energy. The new definition of eternal space enables us to describe a sequence of events from the Big Bang to the Big Crunch.

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Available abstract

Contemporary theories of Universe, such as the Friedmann-Lemaître Robertson - Walker (FLRW) model of the cosmos, assume that space and time marches on at a uniform, constant pace from its beginning. But what if that is not the case? It is proposed that the big bang was not the first beginning of the Universe, but rather the Big Bang may have been just a particular moment in the evolution of this always-existing universe, not a true beginning. Universe started from the shortest meaningful length, Planck Length, and the shortest meaningful measure of time, Planck Time. The observed accelerated expansion, which relates the change in the space, to change in the stretching of shrink space for the new theory, is derived. As pressure of shrink space decreases, the expansion of space increases, that is although in general, decelerate in the pressure of shrink space leads to accelerate the stretching of space. (pressure of shrink space approaching zero at the end of accelerated expansion, or all the shrinked space stretches), no need however, for dark energy. The new definition of eternal space enables us to describe a sequence of events from the Big Bang to the Big Crunch.

Key concepts: Big Crunch, Big Bang (financial markets), Ultimate fate of the universe, Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric, Universe, Big Bounce, Physics, Theoretical physics

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