Amorphous State of Polymers

The amorphous state of polymers is as well presented as the crystalline one, while low molecular weight materials are always 100% crystalline and amorphous materials are sooner rare exceptions. A characteristic feature of polymers in contrast to low molecular weight substances is that polymers, in addition to the discussed states of matter and phase states, demonstrate another states called deformational or relaxation states. The three deformational states of polymers with respect of their phase state are all amorphous. The amorphous state of polymers covers three deformational states: glassy, high elastic, and viscous liquid. In an amorphous state are also polymer melts, solutions, and gels. The liquid crystalline polymers are a new class of polymer materials, which satisfy perfectly the requirement for low relative weight of the material. The behavior of a polymer body subjected to the action of external forces can be presented and described by means of mechanical models.