Introduction to Java

Java is a high-level, object-oriented, general-purpose programming language that was originally developed by James Gosling, a Canadian computer scientist, at what was then Sun Microsystems, in the U.S. state of California in 1991. This chapter introduces the Java programming language, including its history, versions, and the four Java platform editions. They are four Java platform editions: Java Card for smartcards, Java Micro Edition for mobile devices, Java Standard Edition for standard personal computers, and Java Enterprise Edition for large distributed enterprise or Internet environments. Java Spring is the most popular development framework for creating Java enterprise applications. The advantages of Java are free cost, simplicity, platform independence, object orientation, security, and multithreading, networking, mobile development and enterprise development. Oracle offers a range of Java certificates, which can be generally divided into two levels, Associate and Professional.