4. Psychoanalysis and psychotherapy

‘Psychoanalysis and psychotherapy’ considers the contribution of psychoanalysis and psychotherapy to the field of psychiatry. It discusses Sigmund Freud and the origins of psychoanalysis, including his technique of free association and his map of the mind comprising the id, the ego, and the superego. It also describes the more mystical theories of Carl-Gustav Jung, including his concept of the ‘shadow self’. Different types of psychotherapies are outlined, including existential, psychodynamic, and behaviour therapies, which are used for phobias and obsessive compulsive disorders. Group therapy, counselling, family therapy, crisis intervention, self-help, and cognitive behaviour therapy are also discussed.