Superficialization of Basilic Vein: Last Chance for a Native Arteriovenous Fistula in Hemodialysis Patients

Background Although the best type of vascular access for chronic hemodialysis patients is a native arteriovenous fistula, in an increasing number of patients all the superficial veins have been used and only the placement of vascular grafts or permanent catheters is left. Superficialization of the basilic vein is a possible alternative. Materials and Methods In 49 chronic hemodialysis patients who had no possibilities to have a native arteriovenous fistula created, we performed a basilic vein- brachial artery fistula in the arm. During the same operation the basilic vein was then superficialized for easier access for hemodialysis. Results Mean follow-up was 22.36±15.56 months. Forty-eight patients are still undergoing hemodialysis with their superficialized basilic vein native A-V fistula without any complications. Only one fistula was thrombosed just after the procedure because of poor vessel quality. Conclusion For hemodialysis patients who have no suitable superficial veins at the wrist or elbow, performing a basilic vein - brachial artery fistula and superficializing the vein to the subcutaneous tissue is an acceptable choice before deciding to use more complicated procedures like vascular grafts.