Intergroup evaluation and self‐esteem motivations: Self‐enhancement and self‐protection

According to Crocker et al. (1993) people with high collective self-esteem would be primarily concerned with enhancing the self leading to positive ingroup evaluation rather than derogation of outgroups. In contrast, people with low collective self-esteem would be primarily concerned with protecting the self making outgroup derogation more likely than positive ingroup evaluation. These predictions were confirmed among Dutch youth evaluating ethnic minorities. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.