Applications of Molecular Markers to Assess Genetic Diversity in Vegetable and Ornamental Crops – A Review

Assessment of genetic diversity has attained much consideration during the last two decades for efficient germplasm management and its utilization in breeding programs. Molecular markers system is very helpful in correct identification of plants, successful management of plant resources, and to achieve various aspects of breeding programs in vegetables and ornamental crops. Applications of molecular markers for appraisal of DNA variations in plants provide significant approach in field of molecular genetics. Morphological markers are not appropriate for evaluation of genetic diversity due to less differentiating traits among species, genera or their individuals. These are also highly affected by climatic factors. So, molecular markers system is very effective method for detailed DNA finger printing of crop plants. However, successful use of molecular markers in crop breeding programs relies on strong coordination among plant breeders, biotechnologists and trained manpower as well as proper financial support. The current review explains the basic descriptions of different molecular markers and their applications for genetic improvement programs in some vegetables and ornamental plants.