Polymerization Processes, 2. Modeling of Processes and Reactors

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Fundamental Effects of Reactor Types 2.1. Reactor Types and Their Models 2.2. General Effects on the Molecular Mass Distribution (MMD) 3. Processes and Reactor Modeling for Step Polymerization 3.1. Types of Reactors and Reactor Modeling 3.2. Specific Processes 3.2.1. Polyamides 3.2.2. Polyesters 4. Processes and Reactor Modeling for Chain Polymerization 4.1. Introduction to Polymerization Techniques 4.2. Fundamentals of Material Balance Equations 4.3. Effect of Reactor Types on Copolymer Composition Distribution 4.4. Effect of Reactor Types on Nonlinear Polymer Formation 5. Bulk and Solution Polymerization 5.1. Removal of Solvent and Residual Monomer 5.2. Systems with Polymer‐Polymer Demixing 6. Precipitation and Dispersion Polymerization 6.1. Polymerization without Solvent 6.2. Polymerization with Solvent 7. Suspension Polymerization 7.1. Process Description 7.2. Polymerization Kinetics 8. Emulsion Polymerization 8.1. Process Description 8.2. Polymerization Kinetics 8.3. Molecular Mass Distribution 8.3.1. Linear Polymerization 8.3.2. Nonlinear Polymerization 8.4. Effect of Small Reaction Loci on Reversible‐‐Deactivation Radical Polymerization 8.4.1. Stable Radical‐Mediated Polymerization (SRMP) and Atom‐Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) 8.4.2. Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Polymerization