Committee Report: Coagulation as an Integrated Water Treatment Process

This report presents current knowledge of the physics of coagulation (rapid mixing and flocculation) and addresses the chemistry of coagulants—particularly aluminum coagulants—and methods for determining optimum coagulant dosages. Coagulation as a process for removing organic contaminants is examined. The selection of water treatment schemes for removing particles is considered with respect to raw water quality and coagulant types. Research needs are presented.