On the Thermodynamics of Gravity Based on the Equivalence of Energy and Mass and Spacetime

Starting from the assumption of equivalence of energy and mass and spacetime, we explain macroscopic and microscopic gravitational phenomena in terms of thermodynamics. Spacetime is quantized by particles with the minimum mass. We call that particle the spacetime particle. Gravity is represented as a thermodynamic pressure caused by spacetime particles. Then we derived the equation of state of spacetime particles. That equation and so on lead us to conclude the following. Dark matter is spacetime particles composing spacetime. The basic mass of the spacetime particle is 1.05×10^(-62) kg. Spacetime structure is represented as the quantized 3-dimensional sphere of Poincaré conjecture. An elementary particle is composed of spacetime particles with energy and charged particles with charges, and it has a radius whose rotational speed is the speed of light. Dark energy is a virtual negative mass by the mass reduction of ordinary matter. Before the birth of the universe, spacetime was the imaginary spacetime caused by one black hole, and spacetime was repeatedly created and annihilated. The universe was born by the collapse of that black hole. Inflation was caused by the expansion of individual matter to their radius at superluminal speed.