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1983•Pediatrics in ReviewRequires access

Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis

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Abstract

Eleven years after the licensing of Rh immune prophylaxis (RhoGAM or Rhlg), it is not surprising that the incidence of classic erythroblastosis fetalis has declined dramatically. Previously, an Rh negative mother had a 15% chance of developing an Rh antibody following pregnancy with an Rh positive infant. With RhoGAM prophylaxis, the rate of sensitization has been reduced to 1%, according to a worldwide cooperative study. The decline in the frequency of Rh isoimmunization has resulted in a decrease in the total incidence of hydrops fetalis, but there has been an increase in the relative proportion of nonimmune hydrops fetalis. In 1970, it was estimated that approximately 20% of cases of hydrops fetalis in Western countries were nonimmunologic; today, 4/5 (80%) cases seen at the Children's Hospital in New Jersey are nonimmunologic in nature.

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What this paper is about

Eleven years after the licensing of Rh immune prophylaxis (RhoGAM or Rhlg), it is not surprising that the incidence of classic erythroblastosis fetalis has declined dramatically. Previously, an Rh negative mother had a 15% chance of developing an Rh antibody following pregnancy with an Rh positive infant. With RhoGAM prophylaxis, the rate of sensitization has been reduced to 1%, according to a worldwide cooperative study. The decline in the frequency of Rh isoimmunization has resulted in a decrease in the total incidence of hydrops fetalis, but there has been an increase in the relative proportion of nonimmune hydrops fetalis. In 1970, it was estimated that approximately 20% of cases of hydrops fetalis in Western countries were nonimmunologic; today, 4/5 (80%) cases seen at the Children's Hospital in New Jersey are nonimmunologic in nature.

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Available abstract

Eleven years after the licensing of Rh immune prophylaxis (RhoGAM or Rhlg), it is not surprising that the incidence of classic erythroblastosis fetalis has declined dramatically. Previously, an Rh negative mother had a 15% chance of developing an Rh antibody following pregnancy with an Rh positive infant. With RhoGAM prophylaxis, the rate of sensitization has been reduced to 1%, according to a worldwide cooperative study. The decline in the frequency of Rh isoimmunization has resulted in a decrease in the total incidence of hydrops fetalis, but there has been an increase in the relative proportion of nonimmune hydrops fetalis. In 1970, it was estimated that approximately 20% of cases of hydrops fetalis in Western countries were nonimmunologic; today, 4/5 (80%) cases seen at the Children's Hospital in New Jersey are nonimmunologic in nature.

Key concepts: Hydrops fetalis, Erythroblastosis fetalis, Medicine, Rh Isoimmunization, Incidence (geometry), Obstetrics, Pregnancy, Sensitization

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