Awareness about kala-azar disease and related preventive attitudes and practices in a highly endemic rural area of India.

Illustrated keys for the identification of the fourth-instar larvae and adult females of the mosquito species of tribe Aedini in Thailand are presented, along with the geographic distribution of the species and the known habitats of their immature stages. The keys are the first to encompass the recent revisionary studies of tribe Aedini. One hundred and seventy-five species of Aedini belonging to 38 genera and 18 subgenera are recognized in Thailand. Two species of genus Armigeres, two of genus Collessius, and one of genus Downsiomyia are undescribed. Himalaius simlensis [formerly Aedes (Finlaya) simlensis], Hopkinsius (Yamada) albocinctus [formerly Aedes (Finlaya) albocinctus], Downsiomyia nipponica and Downsiomyia saperoi [formerly species of Aedes (Finlaya)], and Hulecoeteomyia pallirostris [formerly Ochlerotatus (Finlaya) pallirostris] are new country records. Aedimorphus (formerly a subgenus of Aedes), Cancraedes, and Rhinoskusea (formerly subgenera of Ochlerotatus) are recognized as genera, and genus Petermattinglyius includes species previously included in Diceromyia (formerly a subgenus of Aedes) in Thailand. Heteraspidion, Huangmyia, Stegomyia, and Xyele are newly recognized subgenera of genus Stegomyia (formerly a subgenus of Aedes), which includes eight species without subgeneric placement. Two unidentified and unplaced species were discovered in Thailand.