Alex L. Shigo, Lawrence Kilham
Abstract
In aspen trees infected by Fomes igniarius var. populinus, the thin shell of sound wood enclosing the central column of decayed wood offers an ideal place for sapsuckers to peck out nests.
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In aspen trees infected by Fomes igniarius var. populinus, the thin shell of sound wood enclosing the central column of decayed wood offers an ideal place for sapsuckers to peck out nests.
Key concepts: Fomes, Peck (Imperial), Ideal (ethics), Column (typography), Forestry, Botany, Geography, Biology