PREVENTION OF CHILDREN PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION

PEM is one of the main nutritional problems in Indonesia which especially many early childhood. There are two types of levels of PEM (Protein Energy Malnutrition) namely mild PEM or lack of nutrition and heavy PEM or malnutrition (Departement of health, 2009). Based on data from Nutrition Status Monitoring in 2016 the prevalence of PEM is still high (>30%). Approximately 100 million children suffer from malnutrition at moderate and severe levels. In the category of children with low nutritional status, they have a higher risk of death than children with good nutritional status. From these data the need for intensive treatment in an effort to reduce the prevalence of PEM. This disease due to PEM is known as Kwashiorkor, Marasmus, and Marasmic Kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor is caused by lack of protein. Marasmus is caused by lack of energy and the Marasmic Kwashiorkor is caused due to lack of energy and protein. As for the direct cause of PEM is consumption that is lacking in a long time. UPGK and Posyandu are programs specifically implemented to reduce the prevalence of PEM. The main activity of the UPGK program (from the nutritional aspect) carried out to date is in the form of weighing under fives, nutrition counseling (KIE), feeding, giving ORS, giving vitamin A capsules. Implementation at the village level or at a smaller level is coordinated in the form of Posyandu. Keyword: Malnutrition, Kwashiorkor,Marasmus, Marasmic Kwashiorkor, Children