Effects of Leaves and Fruits Extracted by Ethanol of Piper retrofractun Vahl on Inhibition of Penicillium digitatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Causing Plant Disease

Postharvest diseases caused by mold are the major problem of loss product quality. Diseasecontrol has found increased the use of chemicals, especially the use of chemicals to controlgreen mold rot and anthracnose disease. This study was determined the effects of leaves andfruits of Piper retrofractum Vahl extracted by 95% ethanol on inhibition of Penicilliumdigitatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, causing plant disease, by using poisoned foodtechnique at several concentrations of 0 (Control), 1,250, 2,500, 3,750, and 5,000 ppm werestudied. The results showed that the concentrations of crude extracts (leaves and fruits) at1,250 ppm gave the high inhibition of mycelium growth of P. digitatum, which were 32.91%and 49.07%, respectively when testing with seven days of mycelium growth. For C.gloeosporioides, it was shown that the concentration of crude extracts at 5,000 ppm, revealedthe high inhibition of mycelium growth from both leaves and fruits about 31.48 % and 58.20 %,respectively when testing with 14 days of mycelium growth. Therefore, the antifungal activityfrom Piperaceae extracts may be valuable to control plant pathogenic fungi.